1) Principles of Focused Shock wave Therapy:

High-energy acoustic waves generated through electromagnetic induction, focused ona specific target area. 

Creation of cavitation bubbles (small gas-filled cavities) intissues, which collapse and generate secondary shockwaves, enhancing thetherapeutic effect.

2) How shock waves are generated?

An electrical current passes through an electromagnetic coil, creating a rapidlychanging magnetic field. 

This magnetic field induces a current in a metal membraneor diaphragm, leading to its rapid movement. 

The movement generates an acousticpressure wave in the surrounding medium (usually water).

3) Indications and Contraindications:

Common Indications for Electromagnetic FSWT:

Tendinopathies: Chronic inflammation of tendons, such as in the Achilles orrotator cuff.

Myofascial Trigger Points: Treatment of painful, hyperirritable spots in skeletalmuscles.

Plantar Fasciitis: Relief of heel pain caused by inflammation of the plantar fascia.

Calcific Shoulder Tendinitis: Dissolution of calcium deposits in the shouldertendons.

Nonunion Fractures: Stimulation of bone healing in cases where normal healinghas not occurred.

Contraindications:

Pregnancy: Risk to the fetus.

Active infection at the treatment site.

Malignant tumors in the treatment area.

Blood clotting disorders or use of anticoagulants.

Presence of a pacemaker or other electronic implants.

Open wounds or skin lesions at the treatment site.